Category Archives: Trinity

Philo on Abraham’s Three Visitors: Evidence of a Pagan Origin of the Trinity?

This is a follow-up to my previous post, “Unitarians, William Inge, and the Platonism in Christianity.” Unitarian apologist Carlos Xavier, in the same post in which he quoted Inge out of context, also manages to quote the first-century Jewish philosopher … Continue reading

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Unitarians, William Inge, and the Platonism in Christianity

There is practically a cottage industry online of quote mining secondary sources to criticize the doctrines of the Incarnation and the Trinity. These quotations usually omit salient elements of those sources that would make them useless to the anti-Trinitarian polemicists. … Continue reading

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The State of Theology Survey and Trouble with the Trinity

As I noted in my previous post on the 2025 Ligonier/Lifeway State of Theology Survey, the statement to which most evangelical church members strongly agreed was the one affirming the doctrine of the Trinity: There is one true God in … Continue reading

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Modern Worldviews and the Deity of Christ: A New Series

Worldview Bulletin is an evangelical Christian newsletter available on Substack and by email with over 6,000 subscribers produced by Chris Reese covering philosophy, theology, biblical studies, and apologetics. I have been subscribing for several years. Basic subscriptions are free, but … Continue reading

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The State of Theology Survey: What Most American Evangelical Church Members Believe

What do most members of evangelical churches in America believe? As I mentioned in my previous blog post, the Ligonier/Lifeway State of Theology Survey for 2025 defined evangelicals by beliefs as those who strongly agreed with all four of the … Continue reading

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The State of Theology Survey and the Definition of Evangelicalism

“The trouble with this way of defining evangelical is that it creates both false positives and false negatives.”   The most recent State of Theology Survey, produced by Ligonier Ministries (founded by the late R. C. Sproul) and Lifeway Research … Continue reading

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Defending the Trinity Lecture Notes Now Online

This week I spoke at the Defend Conference at New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary. I had an unusually heavy schedule! I gave a plenary presentation on “The Trouble with the Trinity” followed by a five-part breakout series on “Defending the … Continue reading

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Dale Tuggy and the Biblical Basis of the Trinity, Part 2: Is the Doctrine of the Trinity Incoherent?

In Part 1, I responded to Unitarian philosopher Dale Tuggy’s claim in a recent conference address that my biblical argument for the doctrine of the Trinity omitted essential elements of the doctrine. Here I will respond to his objection that … Continue reading

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Dale Tuggy and the Biblical Basis of the Trinity, Part 1: Are Essential Elements Missing?

In Part VII of my eight-part series of articles entitled “The Biblical Basis of the Doctrine of the Trinity,” I offer the following concluding argument for the doctrine: A. All the elements of the doctrine are taught in Scripture. 1. … Continue reading

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Jesus as God and Distinct from God: A Reply to Kegan Chandler

In his book The God of Jesus in Light of Christian Dogma, Kegan Chandler repeats Dale Tuggy’s critique of Richard Bauckham’s “divine identity Christology,” which is essentially that the idea is logically contradictory. As part of his critique, Chandler offers … Continue reading

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